Night World : Daughters of Darkness Chapter 7

Discovering Todd and Vic turned out not to be simple. It was late evening when Mary-Lynnettewalked into the Briar Creek general store, which sold everything from nails to nylons to canned peas. â€Å"Hi, Bunny. I don't assume you've seen Todd orVic around?† Rabbit Marten turned upward from behind the counter. She was lovely, with delicate fair hair, a round, dimpled face, and a shy appearance. She was in MaryLynnette's group at school. â€Å"Did you examine at theGold Creek Bar?† Mary-Lynnette gestured. â€Å"And at their homes, andat the other store, and at the sheriff's office.† The sheriff's office was additionally city lobby and the open library. â€Å"Well, in the event that they'renot playing pool, they're usuallyplinking.† Plinkingwas shooting atcans for training. â€Å"Yeah, yet where?† Mary-Lynnette said. Rabbit shook her head, studs gleaming. â€Å"Yourguess is in the same class as mine.† She wavered, gazing down at her fingernail skin, which she was pushing back with a little dull pointed wooden stick. â€Å"But, you know, I've heard they go down to Mad Dog Creeksometimes.† Her wide blue eyes lifted to Mary Lynnette's genuinely. Distraught Dog Creek. . . Goodness, fantastic. Mary-Lynnette frowned. â€Å"I know.† Bunny brought her shoulders up in a shiver.†I wouldn't go down there. I'd consider that body the entire time.† â€Å"Yeah, me, as well. All things considered, much appreciated, Bun. See you.† Rabbit analyzed her fingernail skin fundamentally. â€Å"Good hunting,† she said absently. Mary-Lynnette left the store, squinting in the hot, murky August daylight. Central avenue wasn'tbig. It had a bunch of block and stone buildingsfrom the days when Briar Creek had been a dash for unheard of wealth flexibly town, and a couple of modem outline structures with stripping paint. Todd and Vic weren't in any of them. All things considered, what now? Mary-Lynnette murmured. There was no street to Mad Dog Creek, just a path that was continually obstructed by new development and deadfall. Furthermore, everybody knew more than plinking went on there. In the event that they're out there, they're likely chasing, she thought. Also drinking, perhaps utilizing drugs. Firearms and brew. And afterward there's that body. The body had been discovered a year ago around thistime. A man; a climber, from his rucksack. No one knew what his identity was or how he'd kicked the bucket the body wastoo dried up and bit by creatures to tell. However individuals discussed phantoms drifting around the rivulet the previous winter. Mary-Lynnette moaned again and got into her station cart. The vehicle was old, it was corroded, it made disturbing sounds when compelled to quicken, yet it was hers, andMary-Lynnette gave a valiant effort to keep it alive. She cherished it on the grounds that there was a lot of room in back to store her telescope. At Briar Creek's just service station she angled a looked over organic product blade from under the seat and went to work, prying at the corroded gas top spread. Somewhat higher up . . . nearly, nearly . . . presently contort †¦ The spread flew open. â€Å"Ever consider going into the safecracking business?† a voice behind her said. €Å"you have the touch.† Mary-Lynnette turned. â€Å"Hi, Jeremy.† He grinned a grin that indicated for the most part in his eyes,which were cherished earthy colored with ridiculously darklashes. On the off chance that I were going to fall for a person and I'm not-itwould be for someone like him.Not for a major fair feline who figures he can pick his sisters' companions. It was a debatable issue, at any rate Jeremy didn't goout with young ladies. He was an introvert. â€Å"Want me to look under the hood?† He cleaned his hands on a cloth. â€Å"No, much obliged. I simply checked everything last week.† Mary-Lynnette began to siphon gas. He got a squeegee and a shower jug and started to wash the windshield. His developments were deft and delicate and his face was completely grave. Mary-Lynnette needed to swallow a snicker herself, butshe valued him not chuckling at the hollowed glass furthermore, consumed windshield wipers. She'd generally had an odd sentiment of connection with Jeremy. He was the just individual in Briar Creek who appeared to be even slightlyinterested in cosmology he'd helped her fabricate a model of the nearby planetary group in eighth grade, and ofcourse he'd observed a year ago's lunar obscuration with her. His folks had passed on in Medford when he was justa infant, and his uncle acquired him to Briar Creek a Fleetwood trailer. The uncle was unusual alwayswandering off to dowse for gold in the Klamath wil derness. One day he didn't return. From that point onward, Jeremy lived alone in the . trailer in the forested areas. He did unspecialized temp jobs and worked at the corner store to bring in cash. Also, if his garments weren't as decent assome of different children', he couldn't have cared less or he didn't allow it to appear. The handle of the gas hose clicked in MaryLynnette's grasp. She understood she had been staring off into space. â€Å"Anything else?† Jeremy said. The windshieldwas senior member. â€Å"No †¦ well, really, yes. You haven't, um, seenTodd Akers or Vic Kimble today, have you?† Jeremy stopped highly involved with taking her twentydollar bill. â€Å"Why?† â€Å"I simply needed to converse with them,† Mary-Lynnettesaid. She could feel heat in her cheeks. Goodness, God, hethinks I need to see Todd and Vic socially-and he believes I'm insane for askinghim. She rushed to clarify. â€Å"It's simply that Bunny saidthey may be somewhere near Mad Dog Creek, so I thoughtyou might have seen them, perhaps at some point toward the beginning of today, since you live down around there†¦.† Jeremy shook his head. â€Å"I left around early afternoon, however I didn'thear any shots from the rivulet today. Air conditioning tually, I don't think they've been there all summerI continue instructing them to remain away.† He said it unobtrusively, without accentuation, yet Mary-Lynnette had the unexpected inclination that possibly evenTodd also, Vic may hear him out. She'd never knownJeremy to get in a battle. Be that as it may, now and then a look came into his level earthy colored eyes that was ..: practically startling. As though there was something underneath thatquiet-fellow outside something crude and unadulterated and dangerous that could do a ton of harm whenever energized. â€Å"Mary-Lynnette-I realize you most likely think thisis not my issue to worry about, however †¦ well, I think you should avoid those folks. On the off chance that you truly wantto go get them, let me go with you.† Goodness. Mary-Lynnette felt a warm flush of appreciation. She wouldn't take him up on the offer †¦ however it was pleasant of him to make it. â€Å"Thanks,† she said. â€Å"I'll be fine, yet †¦ much appreciated .† She looked as he went to get her change insidethe station. What must it feel like to be all alone since you were twelve years of age? Possibly he neededhelp. Perhaps she ought to request that her father offer him some random temp jobs around the house. He did them for every other person. She simply must be cautious she knew Jeremy abhorred whatever likened to good cause. He brought back the change. â€Å"Here you go. What's more, Mary-Lynnette †¦Ã¢â‚¬  She gazed upward. â€Å"If you do discover Todd and Vic, be careful.† â€Å"I know.† â€Å"I mean it.† â€Å"I know,† Mary-Lynnette said. She had gone after the change, however he hadn't let go of it. hedid something odd: He opened her twisted fingers with one hand while giving her the bills and coins with the other. At that point he twisted her fingers back over it. Essentially, he was holding her hand. The snapshot of physical contact astonished herand contacted her. She ended up seeing his meager earthy colored fingers, at their solid yet fragile grasp on her hand, at the gold seal ring with the dark plan that he wore. She was significantly progressively astounded when she looked up at his face once more. There was open worry in his eyes-and something like regard. For a moment she had a wild and totally strange drive to tell him everything. Yet, she could simply envision what he would think. Jeremy was down to earth. â€Å"Thanks, Jeremy,† she stated, conjuring up a powerless grin. â€Å"Take care.† â€Å"Youtake care. There are individuals who'd miss you on the off chance that anything happened.† He grinned, yet she could feel his stressed look on her even as she drove away. All right,now what? All things considered, she'd squandered the majority of the day searching for Todd and Vic. What's more, presently, with the picture of Jeremy's level earthy colored eyes in her brain, she thought about whether it had been a dumb thought from the earliest starting point. Earthy colored eyes †¦ and what shading eyes did the bigblond feline have? Odd, it was difficult to remember.She believed that they had looked earthy colored at one moment that he was discussing his good old family. In any case at the point when he'd said he preferred a young lady with soul, she recalled that them being such a characterless blue. Also, when that odd blade gleam had flashed in them, hadn't they been cold dim? Oh,who cares?Maybe they were orange. We should simply return home at this point. Prepare for today around evening time. Why Nancy Drew consistently found the individuals she needed to cross examine? Why? Why? Why me? Debris was gazing at a yellow cedar sobbing into a rivulet. A squirrel too moronic to even think about getting out of the sun was gazing back at him. On a stone adjacent to him a reptile lifted initial one foot, at that point another. It wasn't reasonable. It wasn't right. He didn't trust it. He'd generally been fortunate. Or if nothing else he'd alwaysmanaged to get away from a hairsbreadth away from calamity. Be that as it may, this time the calamity had hit and it was an all out demolition. All that he was, all that he trusted abouthimself †¦ would he be able to lose that in a short time? For a young lady who was likely unsettled and unquestionably more hazardous than each of the three of his sisters set up? No, he closed inauspiciously. In no way, shape or form. Not in a short time. It just took five seconds. He knew such a significant number of young ladies pleasant young ladies. Witches withmysterious grins, vampires with heavenly bends, shapeshifters with charming textured tails. Indeed, even human young ladies with extravagant games vehicles who never appeared to mind at the point when he snacked their necks. For what reason would it be able to have been one of them? All things considered, it wasn't. What's more, there was no reason for pondering about its foul play. The inquiry was, what was he going task abou

Soil concentration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Soil fixation - Essay Example High groupings of Cl-destabilize films and denatured proteins, which is harmful for plants through soil corruption (Huang 17). Because of the diminished water porousness and porosity, it prompts water shortage in plant’s leaves. This restrains digestion and plant development, henceforth making Cl-unsafe to plants. It prompts scattering of Ca2+ from cell divider and diminishing the latter’s movement happening on the apoplast, decreasing saltiness balance in plasma layer. Increment in CL-and Na+ in the layer can hinder the detoxification procedure (Huang 74). In any case, there are some dirt open minded plants, normally alluded to as halophytes, which have a higher continuance than the less resilience ones (glycophyte) (Huang 75). Saltiness of soils in indigenous habitats is mostly brought about by the upstream development of seawater to waterways, which flexibly plants with water. Anyway in far inland places, characteristic leakage happens from geologic marine stores that wash salt into encompassing territories. Transpiration and dissipation can likewise remove water through fume, prompting an expansion in soil arrangement. It is likewise feasible for water beads that move from the sea to scatter and later vanish, causing saltiness. In this manner, the separation to saline water from a walkway varies and is dictated by arranged elements (Levy, Guy, Pinchas

Forming a Powerful Informative Essay

Forming a Powerful Informative EssayInformative essays for university entrance exams provide a person with the necessary knowledge and skills to enter a top-tier university. The essay should be well-organized, accurate, concise, and, above all, powerful enough to compel the judges to give your essay the desired marks.To avoid writing a generic essay, the essay must be well-crafted. The essay must help to create a well-rounded resume.The purpose of an informative essay is to present the candidate in the best possible light. It should answer the question: 'What is he/she doing in this competitive industry?' Most writing is riddled with allusions to business' successes, which helps the reader make sense of what the writer is saying. An in-depth research of the applicant's career will not only make a unique academic opportunity, but also enhance the final writing project.The objective of the essay is to create a comprehensive overview of the candidate's experience in the field. On comple tion of the assignment, the reader should feel comfortable in placing them in the same category as those who are similarly positioned within the same business. In order to accomplish this goal, it is necessary to provide specific examples of successful and unsuccessful students.In today's job market, a good knowledge of the major sectors is vital. Although there are other areas to focus on, it is critical to include the major industries and their areas of specialization in the educational essay. Such details as the number of patents the applicant has earned, the leadership positions they have held, and the current employment opportunities they have achieved in the field are all critical pieces of information to supply. With an application focused around the major industry and the industries in which they have excelled, the chance of success is significantly increased.Beginning with the objective, the writer should present a clear and concise beginning. This begins with a strong intr oduction, which includes what the writer believes is the most important point of the entire essay. The introduction can take a variety of forms. As mentioned earlier, the introduction should revolve around an individual's experience, talents, or accomplishments.Throughout the essay, the writer must use this to create the reader's opinion. The information presented should help the reader to make a statement about their own interests, hobbies, and passions. The main points presented throughout the essay should be easy to understand, and the essay should be written in a manner that makes these points clearly understood. The purpose of an informative essay is to help the reader to understand the main points of the business world and help them make a decision.There are many different ways to structure a well-written essay. The essay's goal is to allow the reader to easily understand the paper's main points. The reader must be able to make a decision, using all available information, abou t whether or not the candidate is suited for the position.

Industrial Revolution as a Time of Change Essay - 1135 Words

Industrial Revolution as a Time of Change The Industrial Revolution was a time of drastic change that transformed hand tools and hand made items to machine manufactured and produced goods. Inventions brought on the most drastic changes during the Industrial Revolution. Machines made life much easier while decreasing prices of goods and generally improving life. (mhirotsu.htm). Before the 1750s, life was primitive but simple, which is vastly different from the complex culture that arose from the Industrial Revolution. Before the first Industrial Revolution, Englands economy was based upon its cottage industry. The workers would purchase raw materials from merchants, take them back to their cottages, and at home is where†¦show more content†¦The machines quickly make their way to England, and there was no stopping them. History was moving forward at a quick and efficient pace. Be the 1750s, the Industrial Revolution had begun. In the beginning, inventions were limited to cotton weaving. This quickly changed wit h new inventions such as the spinning jenny and the water powered frame. A problem existed in which yarn was not being fed fast enough to the weaver, but in 1769 the spinning jenny and the water powered frame solved this problem by providing yarn faster. Edmund Cartwright, in 1880, invented the power loom, and it combined both the machines characteristics and purposes in one machine. Cleaning cotton was always an extremely difficult and time consuming job. In 1793, Eli Whitney created a brilliant invention, the cotton gin. This marvelous invention could clean cotton 50 times faster then the average person. These new inventions all assisted the manufacturing of cotton goods by speeding up the process. (members.aol). Mass productions had begun along with capitalism. Capitalists were the people who had their own materials, money, and space. They purchased these new machines and stored them in factories where they would hire workers to tend over the machines all day while creati ng goods. The factory industry had soon replaced the cotton industry. The quality of life was improving as well. Mass production allowed more expensive goods, such as shoes, to be less expensiveShow MoreRelatedIndustrial Revolution : A Time Of Social And Economic Change1169 Words   |  5 PagesThe Industrial Revolution was a time of social and economic change which emphasized the power of humanity over nature. It was also an era of change which consisted of inventions that were mass produced to make life easier between 1750 and 1914. Although the Industrial Revolution led to efficient transportation and made Great Britain the center of world commerce, only the upper class got to truly enjoy that. The Industrial Revolution had spread to all around the world so the impact was more brutalRead MoreSecond Industrial Revolution Essay871 Words   |  4 Pages An Industrial Revolution is the â€Å"change in social and economic organization that resulted from the replacement o f the hand tools with machines and from the development of large-scale industrial production† (Danzer R50). The Second Industrial Revolution happened nearly one hundred years later after the First Industrial Revolution in England during the 1760s (Fagnilli 7). 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The transformation from the old style of hand made production to the new factory system caused many industries to build factories. This caused many people of the working class to move to the factories in search of work. Cities were forming around the factories, and this was the first time for most people to live in an urban areaRead MoreCauses And Effects Of The Industrial Revolution1649 Words   |  7 PagesThe Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution was an extremely significant revolution due to the monumental change into mass production. There were many different causes and outcomes of the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution impacted people and industries all around the world, prompting changes in many societies. For example, the Industrial Revolution initiated in Britain, but eventually found its way to America. After this, it impacted many other countries who desired the sameRead MoreEffects Of The Industrial Revolution Britain. 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The Industrial revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in manufacturing, agriculture, mining, transportation and technology had a profound effect on the social, cultural and economic conditions of the times. FIRST IR The main differences between the First and Second Industrial Revolution were the invisible hand

Cry, the Beloved Country - 640 Words

Change is often thought of as horrible things occurring that ruins one’s life, but change can also bring one’s life to a new start. In the book, Cry the Beloved Country, the author, Alan Paton, examines changes that can be challenging, but he refers to these problems as a necessity for progress. Paton identifies the experiences that occur in the characters of Stephen Kumalo, Absalom (Stephen Kumalo’s son), and James Jarvis and how it hinders a change in these people. Paton distinguishes these changes in the people and shows how it was necessary for progress to occur in Ndotsheni, a small village isolated from the city of Johannesburg in South Africa. Paton describes the land of South Africa, specifically Ndotsheni, â€Å"keep it, guard it, care for it, for it keeps men, guards men, cares for men. Destroy it and men is destroyed† meaning that if men does actions good for the land, it would repay them. Stephen Kumalo is a parson in the land of Ndotsheni, who believes that a person who does good deeds, such as himself, would have a family that does this as well. His views of this concept changes when he realizes what happens to his sister and his son when he goes to the big city of Johannesburg. Kumalo goes to Johannesburg when he receives a letter stating that his sister, Gertrude, was sick. When Kumalo sees her, he realizes that she was not of what he had imagined, particularly the contradictory to his thoughts. Kumalo also is shocked when he realizes that his son has not doneShow MoreRelatedCry, the Beloved Country by Alan Paton838 Words   |  3 Pagesthis problem in Cry, the Beloved Country. Throughout the story, Paton adds specific personalities to his characters to contribute to change. Characters in Cry, the Beloved Country went through hardships that changed them to realize reality and its outcomes. Paton accordingly creates a picture throughout his story to explain the problems in South Africa. There are many contributing factors of Paton’s idea to identify as being important for change to occur in Cry, the Beloved Country. In Paton’s bookRead MoreEssay on Racism Exposed in Cry, the Beloved Country1121 Words   |  5 PagesRacism Exposed in Cry, the Beloved Country      Ã‚  Ã‚   The purpose of Cry, the Beloved Country, is to awaken the population of South Africa to the racism that is slowly disintegrating the society and its people.   Alan Paton designs his work to express his views on the injustices and racial hatred that plague South Africa, in an attempt to bring about change and understanding. The characters that he incorporates within his story, help to establish a sense of the conditionsRead More Cry the Beloved Country Movie versus Film Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pages Cry, the Beloved Country is a moving story of the Zulu pastor Stephen Kumalo and his son Absalom. They live in an Africa torn apart by racial tensions and hate. It is based on a work of love and hope, courage, and endurance, and deals with the dignity of man. The author lived and died (1992) in South Africa and was one of the greatest writers of that country. His other works include Too Late the Phalarope, Ah, but Your Land Is Beautiful, and Tales from a Troubled Land. The book was madeRead MoreFamilies Breaking Apart in Alan Patons Cry: The Beloved Country 754 Words   |  3 PagesIn Cry, the Beloved Country, Alan Paton shows us how two families are breaking apart. The natives are suffering but they are not the only one who are suffering. A white person’s family is also falling apart. Stephen Kumalo is a native from Ndotsheni and he has trouble with his family from the start. John Jarvis is a white person and he is also experiencing trouble with his family. Stephen Kumalo’s family is in a bad condition. 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Alan Paton through the novel teaches the idea of love thy brother as yourselfRead MoreCry, The Beloved Country994 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Harrison in Cry, The Beloved Country While a subsidiary character in Alan Paton s Cry, The Beloved Country , John Harrison offers a glimpse into the attitude of the younger generation toward the black population in South Africa, one that seeks change but isn t always willing to exert the necessary effort. Who is John Harrison? People enter our lives all the time. Some become close friends. Others are here one day and gone the next. There are some with whom we rarely speak, but when weRead MoreCry, The Beloved Country1710 Words   |  7 Pages Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country takes place during the late 1940’s in Southern Africa. Specifically, in High Place, Ndotsheni, and Johannesburg. It takes place during a time of social change. There is racial inequality taking place during the late 1940’s. The novel shows what it was like to be living during this time. Cry, the Beloved Country has an urban and crowded feeling for most of the novel. This novel is written in past-tense, third-person omniscient point of view. Occasionally, theRead MoreCry, The Beloved Country1145 Words   |  5 PagesCry, the Beloved Country as a Quest Novel Human nature compels everyone to quest after things they have lost. In Alan Paton’s Cry, the Beloved Country Stephen Kumalo goes out in search of his family when his tribe is being torn apart by family members leaving and never coming back. He leaves Ndotsheni in search for his sister and his son, prompted by a letter from Reverend Msimangu in Johannesburg. Upon arrival in the great city, Kumalo meets Msimangu who leads him to to Gertrude. Kumalo reconcilesRead MoreCry, the Beloved Country1064 Words   |  5 PagesEssay Question #2 It has been said that the land is itself another character in Patons novel, Cry, the Beloved Country. 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Film Analysis Sunrise - 1527 Words

â€Å"The most exciting moment is the moment when I add the sound†¦ At this moment, I tremble.† (Akira Kurosawa) Sound is arguably the most important concept in cinema studies, being there ever since the beginnings. It can radically change the way a motion picture is looked at and it can render what the director may sometimes find hard to depict using only his camera. Looking upon silent cinema one discovers an era which wasn’t at all silent, but rich in sound of different forms, from the simple narration of the images shown on screen, accompanied by a piano, to the complex score later composed specifically for that film. An example of that complex score is shown in Sunrise, a film by F.W. Murnau, which lies at the border between silent cinema and sound cinema. Considered to be one of the first films with an actual score, Sunrise is a great example of the multitude of dimensions and effects sound can have. tumblr_m6iclhK9U91qcs276o1_500Certain aspects of sound are essential in creating the right atmosphere for a film. According to Bordwell and Thomson there are fundamental perceptual properties of film sound such as loudness, pitch and timbre. When referring to loudness, the volume of a certain atmosphere can be manipulated to achieve a certain effect. Using Murnau’s Sunrise as an example, one can understand these concepts better. For instance in the scene where the husband realizes that his plan is in danger of being revealed because he’s left the bunch of bulrushes in plainShow MoreRelatedSunrise: a Song of Two Humans and The Notebook809 Words   |  3 Pagesalways been the center for producing films and circulating ideologies. 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Gregg Toland’s deep-focus cinematography and Welles’ use of low-key lighting are often discussed aspects of the movie. True, these were areas of innovation, but when watching the movie in class I was particularlyRead MoreThe Lovers, By Rachel Mcadams And Ryan Gosling1275 Words   |  6 Pagescharacters are played by Rachel McAdams and Ryan Gosling. These actors portray first loves and heartbreak that tugs on your heartstrings beautifully just wanting and waiting for more. Starting off the movie with a beautiful scene looking across a sunrise-filled lake, which it gives off a comfortable, warm feeling to the viewers at home or in the theater. Then it pans out to an elder Noah Calhoun (played by James Garner) taking his daily medicine in a nursing home. Third scene shows an also elderlyRead MoreEssay about Happy Endings True Love8166 Words   |  33 Pagesthe certainty one has, when watching the films, that it is coming) which has earned - or, at least, deserves to have earned - the romantic comedy its status as `unrealistic. But what exactly is it that is `unrealistic about it? No one can deny that in the real world people do, every day, exactly what the characters in each and every romantic comedy do - that is: meet, court, and fall (however briefly or lastingly) in love. The problem arises when a film depicting this has to navigate the obviousRead MoreEvolution Of The Witch From Early American Literature1609 Words   |  7 PagesThe Evolution of the Witch from Early American Literature to Contemporary Film Over time there have been many different stories and adaptations about the monster that is the witch. From one folktale, to a book, to a movie there are slight differences that make each interpretation very unique. The stereotype is, people think that witches have green skin, big noses, and that they fly on brooms with pointy hats. However, if we completely examine the different texts such as The Conjuring or The CrucibleRead MoreSwiss Army Man And The Myth Of Cain And Abel1437 Words   |  6 PagesAbel. The myth of Cain and Abel relates to jealousy and rage, and how there are always consequences for our actions. The morals that can be learned from Cain an Abel are still relevant today, but in another format, such as in the poster for the 2016 film Swiss Army Man. The Swiss Army Man poster and the myth of Cain and Abel have overlapping themes, such as death and isolation. These themes are still prominent today, and the poster can serve as a modern day take on the centuries old myth . The mythRead MoreAnalysis Of One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest1828 Words   |  8 PagesFilm Analysis Paper: One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest Summery I The Story takes place in a state mental hospital in Oregon, 1963. 38 year old Randel Patrick Mc Murphy â€Å"Mac† played by Jack Nicholson is being transferred from a prison work farm to the hospital for mental evaluation. Mac is trying to avoid the work required by his sentence of statutory rape of a 15 year old girl by claiming (he is a marvel of modern science) insanity. The hospital is overseen by Nurse Ratched, who according to MacRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Dracula 1452 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Dracula Although Dracula was not the first vampire novel, the effect that Bram Stoker’s creation had on the vampire genre is undisputable. At the time, it was written intellectual revelations during the 19th century had begun to change what people fear. Archaic legends like vampire stories no longer inspired terror in industrializing areas like Britain. What made Dracula widely successful was the incorporation of modern themes and anxieties with the renowned archetype of the vampire

Service and Relationship Marketing Front Stage Operations

Question: Describe about the Service and Relationship Marketing of Front Stage Operations. Answer: About the National Australia Bank The National Australia Bank is providing its services from more than 150 years. The bank at this date provides its services to more than 10 million customers in countries including Australia, New Zealand and others around the world. (Annual Financial Report 2015, 2015). Flowchart Front stage operations involve attending the client activities of the business. Front stage operations include marketing, sales and service product delivery. Back stage operations are responsible for all the support and administrative processes. These processes support front stage operations. This aspect of the business remains hidden and unknown to the client (Glushko, 2008). Backstage The back stage operations are also known as core operations. The back office operations ensure that all the deals are settled on a timely basis and without any mistakes. The office also has the responsibility to monitor the cash settlement and security delivery and resolving any NOSTRO differences and fails. The department also oversees if all kind of cash movements are properly funded. The instructions are processed in time to ensure that cash and securities move in time to meet the agreed value date. The back office operations also have the duty to process any kind of compensation, interest claims and charges. It is in the back office of the bank that securities are placed for delivering stock (Chase, B., Hayes, H., 1991). The back stage aspect of the company comprise of function of administration. The functions of the back office are settlement of the trade, clearing of payment, keeping and maintaining of records for future references, complying with rules and regulations and als o maintaining the accounts of the company. The back office also looks after IT services of the company. Back office can be understood as a part of the organization that operates functions related to business. It is important that back office operations are done smoothly because it is where the responsibility of the management lies. This department is not responsible for generating the revenue for the organization (Safizadeh, H., Field', M., Ritzman, P., 2003). The front office has two main functions. One is sales and the second way is trade support. The sales people receive orders of the client. The main focus of the bank is to build client relationship and proactively encouraging the client to trade. The responsibilities of front office includes opening the bank account and guiding the client about the banking operations. It is also responsible for smooth processing and flow of information from front to back systems. The front office makes sure of reconciliation and escalation of issues in a timely manner. The front stage acts as a liaison with settlement areas, other middle office areas, traders and sales people, brokerage control and counterparties. The major responsibility of the front office is to ensure that various businesses requirements are met(Zomerdijk J, 2007) . The front office comprises of employees who monitor sales and financing functions. This department is known for generating the revenue for the entire organization. The functions of the front office departments are sales, mergers and acquisitions, trading and it also plays as an advisory to the big corporations. The front office deals directly with the customers and does not participate in the other functions of the organization. It is also the hardest area of a bank as they have very important functions and activities to carry out that is to run a bank (Miozzo, M., L, 2001). Significance of Service Encounter The service encounter is frequently viewed from the point of view of a customer. Service encounter is defined as that time period during which customer comes face to face with a service. Service encounter is a situation when the customer finally realizes a service. If one has to build good customer relations then the organization would have to create trust among the consumers. The trust is created by dialogues, gestures or conversations. Trust is the result of gradual process of exchange between the service provider and the customer. It is very important that at the time of service encounter, the customer should have full satisfaction with respect to the service (Bitner, 1990). There are limited numbers of opportunities in banks to impress a customer and the opportunities become less as the banking system has grown more automated. A good service encounter helps in building customer loyalty. The customer loyalty is very important because good customer loyalty would help in development of business. Service Encounter also helps in building customer relationships (Wang Hsu, 2012). A positive service encounter is a key to success for the company. A good encounter builds high customer loyalty and this motivates companies to be more customers oriented. Service encounters are the first exchanges between the customer and a company that gives the customer to judge service quality of the business. In the banking sector, customer satisfaction is the most important performance sign. The degree of customer satisfaction indicates towards customer loyalty. Customer satisfaction leads to relative attitude and repurchase of the goods (Kieu, T., Shirahada, K.). Analysis of Managerial Implications The National Australia Bank is a very reputed bank. The top management of the company is highly qualified and had proved to be effective for the business. There are investment managers, cash managers in the organization. These managers of the bank are highly competent. The managers are ideal for managing the investment cash flow of the customers. The bank has adopted various service marketing strategies. The national Australia bank is one of the first banks to introduce digital experience for its customers. As the use of smart phones continues to grow, NAB continued to expand its digital channels and made the experience of banking more personalized. The bank decided to build and deliver the digital strategy in such a way that it becomes more integrated and diversify the customer experiences. As the world of internet is growing and people prefer to do most of their jobs from the click of a mouse, the bank also made the operations of banking easier through net banking. Previously, the changes used to take a certain period of time but now the overhauls are solved within a period of six months. The bank is successful to leverage capabilities in Adobe Experience Manager. The content creation group now drives more changes as compared to previous situations. NAB is also using Amazon Web Services and Akami to further start content delivery. The result of this step is that the response time of the bank has been increased to almost 100% and NAB has effectively created and delivered impactful content. The team has focused in promoting more than 100 products and services on the website of the company. The bank is also able to integrate the digital channels of the already acquired brands. Previously, the banks acquired digital properties that had to be left independent due to unavailability of IT resources and time. But now, because of more streamlined and updated technology of updating the websites, NAB is able to promote cross selling opportunities and establish new brand s that increased website traffic and sales. The national bank has not only established its presence on laptops and net banking, but it has also introduced itself in mobile banking. NAB manager are now currently striving to further leverage the segment and behavior so that they can offer more personalized digital experience (National Australia Bank engages customers worldwide across devices, 2016) References Bibliography Annual Financial Report 2015. (2015). The Annual Financial Report 2015. National Australia Bank. Bitner, M. J. (1990). Evaluatong Service Encounters: The Effects of Physical Surroundings and Employee Responses. journal of marketing , 54 (1), 69-80. Chase, B., R., Hayes, H., R. (1991). Beefing up operations in service firms. Sloan Management Review , 33, 15. Glushko, R. J. (2008). Bridging the "Front Stage" and "Back Stage" in Service System Design. Berkeley: University of California, Berkeley. Kieu, T., N. C., Shirahada, K. (n.d.). Service Encounter Satisfaction in the Retail Banking Service Sector: A Case Study of Vietnam Market. Miozzo, M., L, S. (2001). Internationalization of services: a technological perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change , 67 (2), 159-185. National Australia Bank engages customers worldwide across devices. (2016). www.adobe.com. Retrieved August 24, 2016, from www.adobe.com: https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/Adobe/en/customer-success/pdfs/national-australia-bank-case-study.pdf Safizadeh, H., M., Field', M., J., Ritzman, P., L. (2003). An empirical analysis of financial services processes with a front-office or back-office orientation. Journal of Operations Management , 21 (5), 557-576. Wang, C.-H., Hsu, L.-C. (2012). How do Service Encounters Impact on Relationship Benefits. International Business Research , 5 (1). Zomerdijk, J, L. G. (2007). Structuring front office and back office work in service delivery systems: an empirical study of three design decisions. International Journal of Operations Production Management , 27 (1), 108-131.

Weapons Of The Middle Ages Essays - Projectile Weapons,

Weapons Of The Middle Ages Every culture's arsenal is based on the technology and raw materials available at the time. Prehistoric peoples, often called the Stone Age cultures, made wide use of stone, shaping axes and grinding tools, and creating spears and arrows in order to promote their survival. As technological skills evolved, so did the type of implements used for survival. During the Bronze and Iron Ages, we see the development of metal tools and weapons, which persisted through the Middle Ages, which were dramatically altered over time. Finally, the appearance of gunpowder in Europe in the early 14th century brought about the obsolescence of many weapons - and made the castle useless as well. While the castle was, arguably, the most formidable weapon of medieval warfare, when we generally think of weapons we think of something much smaller, movable, and able to wreak havoc and death on an opponent. During the early Middle Ages, double-edged swords, axes and metal-headed spears dominated. Short bows and arrows were also used. Interestingly, the Saxons considered the value of a sword to be the equivalent of 120 oxen or 15 male slaves, and any man possessing a sword had great status. Simple to construct and easy to wield, these weapons remained popular, in various forms, throughout the Middle Ages. And by the 9th century, the Vikings adopted another formidable weapon - the battle-axe, with its trumpet-shaped blade and wreaked all sorts of havoc with these heavy axes. As the first millennium approached, new and more devastating weapons appeared. First and foremost was the crossbow, a vicious device still used in modern times. Known in Norman Europe, the crossbow probably developed alongside one of the earliest forms of siege engine, the ballista. So destructive was the crossbow that the Church banned its use in 1139. But, the decree did not deter advocates of this mighty weapon. Indeed, the most prized members of a castle's garrison were those who wielded the lofty crossbow. During the 12th century, the three most prevalent weapons were the sword, the battle-axe and the spear (or lance); however, the crossbow rapidly gained popularity. Combined with the increased prevalence of horse warfare (which eased movement and gave an advantage to its warring riders who carried spears) and the introduction of massive siege engines, these hand-held weapons allowed invaders like the Normans to overawe less technologically-advanced peoples. The peasants, on the other hand, generally fought back with the only weapons in their possession: the tools that they used to till their fields and tend their homes - hayforks, flails, sickles, axes, clubs with spikes, and boar-spears. Interestingly, these same tools eventually became an integral part of the weapons inventory of most armies. Siege engines were critical participants during any major onslaught on a castle. Catapulting stone missiles or huge arrows, these massive machines pounded the thick masonry walls. Yet, on their own, siege engines often were inadequate to bring down a fortress. So, other tactics were employed at the same time as the siege engines were pummeling the walls, including undermining, whereby sappers dug mines, or tunnels, underneath towers. The mines created instability and caused the structures to topple. Types of siege engine include the ballista, the mangonel, and the trebuchet. From inside a castle's walls, soldiers had a somewhat restricted selection of weapons to use to defend their lord and his fortress. In addition to arrows, the garrison frequently threw down stone missiles, crushing invaders. They also relied upon Greek fire, a volatile combination of petroleum and oil and other natural products, which generated a highly flammable substance that burned on water and was excruciatingly hot. Apparently, Greek fire was used to make incendiary arrows, but could also be blown through tubes. The 13th century saw the modification of swords, which could then rend a knight's protective armor. Short stabbing daggers were also used, as were a variety of axes (some of which were equipped with spikes), clubs, maces, spears, crossbows, and the sling. The most significant development of weapons technology during this century was the longbow, mastered by the Welsh decades earlier. During the early 14th century, the course of weapons technology was forever changed with the introduction of gunpowder, which

Reading efficiency and proper comprehension.

Reading efficiency and proper comprehension. Fluency is a capability of reading swiftly, precisely, and with expression. I believe fluency in reading is a needed improvement, particularly for students who encounter difficulties. The use of mentor texts, maps of development for the reading technique and proper understanding of grammar are all points that must be recognized and considered in heightening a personal reading level.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Reading efficiency and proper comprehension. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Poor readers tend to read in an outdated manner making comprehension of the work given troublesome to them. I think it is possible that the reader with fluency problem is unlikely to capture the meaning of the words and concepts, and he or she might misinterpret the message. A fluent reader usually has the ability to read accurately and grasp the content quickly (Tompkins, Campbell, Green, 2012). I have noted that mentor texts ar e an important tool, as they provide a reference point that could help to see how they are progressing. I have learned that these are also a starting point in reading comprehension, which will be facilitated through narrating stories (Dorfman, Cappelli, 2007). The reading of texts must be structured and organized, so that student can rely on the strong base. The return to previous texts is a simple and effective means to learn, as it provides a base which can be built on. I recommend that students are randomly selected and given a passage to read because it will help them interact in a social setting and the selection will be without a bias. Some of the major goals are aimed at decreasing the error made earlier on or increasing the speed of reading (Wilson, Scanlon, 2011). Students must also understand how to define reading. The meaning recognized from words is sometimes confusing and it might be necessary to look past mere words. The involvement of role play connects the child to the content and focuses attention. Here, experimentation becomes a part of the learning process. The division between reading and retention creates a proper environment for both teachers and students (Annandale et al, 2005). Grammar is the basic structure of language and reading, so it cannot be excluded from the teaching process. In order to differentiate the techniques, the definition must have many examples and be applied in various concepts. I believe that real life or imaginary situations would provide an illustration of the rule.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is the starting point of learning to read, but also there must be a vocabulary rich enough to recognize words without focusing too much on the separate phrases but the content in general (Wilson, Scanlon, 2011). Reading is a complex skill that entails several stages, from learning the proper grammar, to t he ability to place oneself into the context. Reading is an important skill that students should familiarize themselves with, as it plays a foundation of learning in their lives. This means that the teacher should always ensure the student catches up with what is taught in class, as well as adjusts to the needs of individual students. References Annandale et al. (2005). First steps writing map of development. (2nd ed). Port Melbourne, Australia: Rigby. Dorfman, L. R., Cappelli, R. (2007). Mentor texts: Teaching writing through childrens literature, K-6. Portland, ME: Stenhouse Publishers. Tompkins, G., Campbell, R., Green, D. (2012). Literacy for the 21st century. A balanced approach. Frenchs Forest, Australia: Pearson Australia. Wilson, A., Scanlon, J. (2011). Language knowledge for primary teachers. New York, NY: Prentice.

AN INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND CYBER SECURITY Thesis - 1

AN INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND CYBER SECURITY - Thesis Example Primarily, security is protection from danger. There are various types of security e.g., operation, communication and network security. While information system is made up of hardware, software, data, people, procedures and networks. According to the committee on National Security System, Information security is defined as the protection of information and its critical elements, including the system and hardware that use, store, and transit that information. It includes the broad areas of information security management, computer, data, and network security (Whitman & Mattord, 2012). There are three characteristics of information that gives it value to organization: availability, integrity and confidentiality. Therefore, these three elements have to be secured since they are vital to an organization. However the threats to the characteristics of information have evolved into a vast collection of events including accidental, intentional damage, theft, and unauthorized modification. He nce there is development of a more robust model of information security that addresses this threats ,the model consist of critical characteristics of information :availability,accuracy,authenticity , possession, integrity ,utility and confidentiality.Therefore,upper management drives a top-down and the traditional system development life cycle approach in order to implement security in organizations. Finally information security can also be described as both an art and science as it also comprises aspects of social science (Shimeall & Spring, 2014). Global perspective in security entails the dynamic security environment and its intrinsic challenges. It includes all the current issues in information security and how they can be managed.Idealy, there are six major aims of security and they are divided into six major categories. Table 1.1[1] There are various types of attacks that information security can come across. One of them is protocol stack, i.e fig 1.1[2]

Developing a Conceptual Framework is an Impossible Possibility Essay

Developing a Conceptual Framework is an Impossible Possibility - Essay Example According to the paper the financial statements of different companies must be able to satisfy the needs of a variety of users who mostly want to compare one company with another. When a standard is followed by all the companies, the financial statements become reliable for the users as they can safely compare all the companies and make important financial decisions. Accounting, therefore, entails a statement of accepted accounting rules. These rules form the structure of reference for the financial reporting. The conceptual framework forms the foundation for expansion of new accounting criteria and the assessment of those standards that are already in place. Further, it forms the basis for establishing which events should be accounted for and how the same should be released to the accountants. Functions of conceptual framework Conceptual framework lays out the objectives of the financial statements. Financial statements are meant to reflect the financial standing of institutions. Co nceptual framework of accounting therefore offers the foundation and the guidelines that should be followed to reveal the economic situation of an institution at a given period of time. Financial statements include the balance sheet, the income statements, statement of cash flow and the statement of shares holders’ equity. Conceptual framework also identifies the qualitative characteristics which establish the importance of the information in the financial statements. Financial statement reveals the financial situation of an institution; they are very important for the stakeholders of the institution. Shareholders and other interested parties in an institution are guided by the financial information of that institution From this discussion it is clear that the conceptual framework offers guidelines to framing of financial statements. Conceptual framework requires the financial statements of a company to provide a true and fair view. This means that all the information provide d in the financial statements must be free from fraud or material misrepresentation. The framework requires the financial statements to have four qualitative characteristics which ensure that they give a true and fair view of an entity’s financial position. Firstly, the statements need to be understandable which means that they must be free from any ambiguity that might mislead a user. Secondly, the financial statements need to be relevant. Information is relevant when it is able to influence the economic decisions of the users. It should be predictive in the sense that a user must be able to make reliable predictions about an entity’s future by using the information. It must also be confirmatory which is achieved when it confirms the previous predictions of users regarding an entity. Thirdly, the information needs to be reliable. Information that is free from material errors and bias is regarded as reliable. Reliable information is faithfully represented, neutral, pru dent, and complete and substance is given priority over legal forms of various elements.  

Igor Stravinsky Essay Example for Free

Igor Stravinsky Essay Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky was born on June 17th, 1882 in Oranienbaum, Russia. He was one of four to his polish parents, Anna nà ©e Kholodovsky and Fyodor Stravinsky. Igor Stravinsky’s first exposer to music was from his father, who was a bass singer at the Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg. His father helped him learn the love of music. His first musical education began at the age of nine with piano lessons, studying music theory, and attempting composition. By fifteen, he had mastered Mendelssohn’s Piano Concerto in G Minor and finished a piano reduction of a string quartet by Glazunov. That same year, Stravinsky rebelled against the Russian Orthodox Church and abandoned it. Even though he excelled in music, his parents still wanted him to become a lawyer. In 1901, Stravinsky enrolls at the University of Saint Petersburg; however he never attends many of his classes during the four years of school. When it came time to take final examinations in 1905, the school was closed for two months because of Bloody Sunday. He then later received a half course diploma in April 1906. In 1902, Stravinsky began receiving private lessons from Nikolai Rimsky- Korsakov, the leading Russian composer at that time. That very same year Stravinsky’s father dies from cancer. In 1905 Igor Stravinsky proposes to his first cousin Catherin Nossenko. Even though the Orthodox Church opposes marriage of first cousins, they got married on January 23rd, 1906. The same of his marriage, Stravinsky’s creates first important composition Symphony in E Flat. The following year they have their first child Theodore and then the next year they have their second child Ludmila. The same year as Ludmila’s birth, Rimsky, Stravinsky’s father like figure, dies. In 1909, Stravinsky’s compositions, Scherzo fatastique and Feu d’artifice (Fireworks) where performed at a concert in St. Petersburg. In that very audience Serge Diaghilev, founder of the Ballets Russes, was extremely impressed. He was so impressed that he chooses Stravinsky to carry out orchestrations and to compose a full length ballet, The Firebird. In 1910 Stravinsky travels Paris for the premier of The Firebird. At this performance he meets Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, and many other important musicians. Towards the end of the ballet season, his family moves to Switzerland with him and, Catherine expecting her third child. In Lausanne, Switzerland in September 1910, Sviatoslav Soulima their third son was born. In 1911, Stravinsky completes another successful ballet, Petrushka. Three years later, Stravinsky composes the two part ballet Le Sacre du Primtemps (The Rite of Spring). This ballet marked the coming of modernism in music and was met with astonishment and hostility. The riot that followed was the most notorious event in music history. Right after the performance, he developed typhoid fever, which took six weeks to recover from. Around the same time, Catherina and Ludmila were found to have tuberculosis. A year later Ludmila did and after giving birth to their fourth child Maria Milena, Catherina also died. Three months after that his mother died also. After all these deaths in his life, Stravinsky also diagnosed with tuberculosis. He spent five months recovering with his newest daughter Milena; she took six years to recover. Stravinsky met Vera de Bosset in Paris in February 1921, his new wife to be. At the time when they first met Vera was still married to the painter and stage designer Serge Sudeikin. They began an affair which led Vera to leave her husband. During his last years in Paris, Stravinsky made professional connections with people in the U.S.

Shakespeare’s Ridiculous King Lear Essay -- mocking nobility

It’s surprising that Shakespeare’s King Lear is not treated as a comedy. His portrayal of a power hungry nobility only serves to mock the monarchical system. Both of Lear’s elder daughters deceive their own father in order to procure his wealth of land, and Edmund the bastard cannot stop killing and lying in order to climb up the royal succession. This backstabbing nature of the monarchy is exactly what makes it so ridiculous. Most importantly, Shakespeare depicts the tragic life of King Lear, an abdicated ruler. The play centers around Lear’s struggle to maintain his subjects’ respect and his daughters’ love, all of which he loses. With these examples, Shakespeare makes a shrewd comment about the superfluousness of the ruling class, and the fate of Lear becomes a stand-in for Shakespeare’s attitude towards the â€Å"nobility.† Shakespeare wrote King Lear around 1606, which coincides with the reign of King James I, who ascended to the throne in 1603, succeeding Elizabeth I. Although he was a supporter of the arts, James â€Å"articulated his belief in an absolutist theory of monarchy and the divine right of kings, desiring to command not only complete obedience but also complete devotion† (Bengtsson). Being that Elizabeth had previously established an equal relationship with the parliament, British government became uneasy. In addition, many Protestants, including Shakespeare himself, feared that religious persecution would start up once more as it had before Elizabeth. In fact, James passed the Popish Recusants Act, â€Å"an act to cause persons [existing Protestants] to be naturalized or restored in blood to conform [to Catholicism] and take the oath of allegiance and supremacy [to the Pope]† (Burton). From his actions, one can see how Eng... ... the neglect of the true purpose of government: to lead the people. In this way, The Tragedy of King Lear becomes a criticism, illustrating Shakespeare’s attitudes towards the flawed ruling class of his time. Works Cited Bengtsson, Frederick. â€Å"Historical Context for King Lear by William Shakespeare.† Columbia College. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Jan. 2014. . â€Å"Mary, Queen of Scots.† BBC News. BBC, n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2014. . Shakespeare, William, Barbara A. Mowat, and Paul Werstine. The Tragedy of King Lear. New York: Washington Square, 1993. Print. Burton, Edwin, Edward D’Alton, and Jarvis Kelley. â€Å"Penal Laws.† The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 21 Jan. 2014. .

Pure Hatred Essay

Introduction It is so depressing to say that hate, the most powerful of human emotions is still rampant in today’s world. Despite decades of struggles for civil rights, sad stories of hatred are still being told. A lot of individuals have to walk the streets of cities, the halls of schools and offices, and even the rooms of their own houses in fear. Around this world people are still being attacked because of their race, their sex, or their religion. In this new millennium, is it going to be possible to create a safer environment for all people? Can each country become the â€Å"Land of the Free†? Sadly, individuals and groups that espouse hate are still active in the country. The horrific events of September 11, 2001, and the terrorism that has followed in its wake have made it even more important now than in the past to understand the nature of hate. Given the overwhelming displays of hate currently being displayed in the world, we have a responsibility to seek an understanding of hate, its causes, and its consequences and how to combat it and achieve a culture of peace (Brenes & Du Nann Winter, 201; Brenes & Wessells, 124). Typical Definitions of Hate The typical formulations of hate, those by Aristotle, Descartes, Spinoza, Hume, and Darwin are notable for their contradictions. For Descartes (1694/1989), hate was an awareness of an object as something bad and an urge to withdraw from it. For Spinoza (1677/1985), it was a case of pain (sadness) accompanied by a perception of some external cause. For Aristotle (trans. 1954), the distinguishing phenomenological fact about hate was that it is pain-free (in addition to being incurable by time and striving for the annihilation of its object). Hume (1739-1740/1980) argued that neither love nor hate can be defined at all, because both are irreducible feelings with the introspective immediacy of sensory impressions. Darwin (1872/1998) also saw hate as a special feeling, one that lacks a distinct facial sign and manifests itself as rage. Hatred is causes of bitter sorrow. We find ourselves in repugnance and anger in the presence of one we hate. The joy of hate is being caused by the suffering, loss of power and reputation of the hated person. Shand (192) described hate as a syndrome, or a bundle of episodic dispositions united by a common emotional object or a common category of such objects. The key feature of such a syndrome is that a person may be legitimately characterized as having it without being imputed any corresponding episodic state. Modern Conceptions of Hate Sternberg (123) recently proposed that both disgust and contempt are special kinds of hate, â€Å"cold hate† and â€Å"cool hate,† respectively (see also Oatley & Johnson- Laird, 87, for a claim that hate is a derivative of disgust). Steinberg’s proposal is part of a broad theoretical typology based on the principle that, like love, hate can be characterized in terms of three action-feelings components: (a) intimacy (more precisely, the negation thereof), (b) passion, and (c) commitment. The feelings and actions associated with the first (negation of intimacy) component include revulsion-disgust and distancing, respectively. Fight-or-flight is the action pattern, and anger-fear are the feelings attending the passion element. The last (commitment) component involves an attempt to devalue the target of hatred through contempt. On the basis of this triangular structure, Sternberg posited a variety of hates. There is, for example, the already mentioned â€Å"cool hate,† composed solely of disgust, and â€Å"hot hate,† composed solely of the anger-fear combination. There are also â€Å"cold hate† (devaluation through contempt alone), â€Å"boiling hate† (disgust + anger-fear), â€Å"simmering hate† (disgust + contempt), â€Å"seething hate† (passion + commitment; also called â€Å"revilement†), and, finally, â€Å"burning hate,† which includes all three action-feelings components. True hate, he argued, is an emotion of intimacy, respect, and strength—†There can be no hatred in weakness† (Solomon, 326); he saw this equality of power as part of hate’s special mythology, ensuring that the antagonism involves an element of â€Å"mutual respect.† Though Solomon referred to hate as an emotion, the general affective construct that appears to fit best his own characterization of hate dynamics is that of a syndrome. Types of Hate Hate as an Emotion The hate as an emotion occurs based on the individual emotional experience. It is an emotion where people have to experience that affect the way they live. People come to hate other people whom have mistreated them. Hate that we learn as an Idea It is a long-standing hatred even of people they have never met, simply on the basis of belonging to groups in conflict or as an idea. Prejudice and Discrimination Prejudice is a negative attitude toward an entire category of people, often an ethnic or racial minority. People who have an obvious difference make prejudice easier. If you resent your roommate because he or she is sloppy, you are not necessary guilty of prejudice. However, if you immediately stereotype your roommate on the basis of such characteristics as race, ethnicity, or religion, that is a form of prejudice. Prejudice tends to perpetuate false definitions of individuals and groups. One important and widespread form of prejudice is racism, the belief that one race is supreme and all others are innately inferior. When racism prevails in a society, members of subordinate groups generally experience prejudice, discrimination, and exploitation. In 1990, as concern mounted about racist attacks in the United States, Congress passed the Hate Crimes Statistics Act. This law directs the Department of Justice to gather data on crimes motivated by the victim’s race, religion, ethnicity, or sexual orientation. In 2000 alone, more than 8,063 hate crimes were reported to authorities. Some 54 percent of these crimes against persons involved racial bias, whereas another 18 percent involved religious bias, 16 percent sexual orientation bias, and 11 percent ethnic bias (Department of Justice 2001a). A particularly horrifying hate crime made the front pages in 1998: In Jasper, Texas, three White men with possible ties to race-hate groups tied up a Black man, beat him with chains, and then dragged him behind their truck until his body was dismembered. Numerous groups in the United States have been victims of hate crimes as well as generalized prejudice. In the wake of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, hate crimes against Asian Americans and Muslim Americans escalated rapidly. Prejudice is also happening against Arab Americans and Muslims who live in the United States (226). The activity of organized hate groups appears to be increasing, both in reality and in virtual reality. Although only a few hundred such groups may exist, there were at least 2,000 websites advocating racial hatred on the Internet in 1999. Particularly troubling were sites disguised as video games for young people, or as â€Å"educational sites† about crusaders against prejudice, like Martin Luther King, Jr. The technology of the Internet has allowed race-hate groups to expand far beyond their traditional southern base to reach millions (Sandberg, 105). Hate causes Violence Hate is the most powerful human emotion exists that causes violence. It is a disease like tuberculosis. It may infect others, but it inevitably destroys the hater, diminishing his humanity and perverting the purpose and promise of life itself.   A special case of ostensive formulation might be found in the concept of the so-called hate crime. Hate crimes can be defined as criminal offenses in which the defendant’s conduct was motivated by hatred, bias, or prejudice, based on the actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation of another individual or group of individuals. A more extensive definition can be found in the California Penal Code, which says that: â€Å"Hate crimes . . . means any act of intimidation, harassment, physical force, or the threat of physical force directed against any person, or family, or their property or advocate, motivated either in whole or in part by the hostility to the real or perceived eth nic background, national origin, religious belief, gender, age, disability, or sexual orientation, with the intention of causing fear and intimidation.† Hate crimes are not separate offenses, however, and it is important to realize that many types of felonies can be prosecuted as hate crimes. Hate crime laws, which have developed during the past decade or two, simply enhance or increase the penalties associated with serious offenses that fall into the â€Å"hate crimes† category. At the 1994 is typical of such legislation. The act provides for enhanced sentences where a federal offense is determined to be a hate crime. The federal Hate Crime Statistics Act, signed into law by then-President Bush in April 1990, mandates an annual statistical tally of hate crimes throughout the country. Data collection under the law began in January 1991. Yearly statistics show approximately 10,000 reported instances of hate crimes, including about a dozen murders. Most hate crimes (approximately 65 percent) appear to be motivated by racial bias, while religious hatred (15 percent) and sexual orientation (12 percent) account for most of the remainder. Many hate crimes that are reported fall into the category of â€Å"intimidation,† although vandalism, simple assault, and aggravated assault also account for a fair number of hate crime offenses. Notable in recent years has been a spate of church burnings throughout the south where congregations have been predominantly African-American. A few robberies and rapes are also classified under the hate crime umbrella in any given year. Hate crimes are sometimes also called bias crimes. One form of bias crime that bears special mention is homophobic homicide. Homophobic homicide is a term that refers to the murder of homosexuals by those opposed to their lifestyles.   Some hate crimes are committed by organized hate groups. According to the Intelligence Project of the Southern Poverty Law Center (457) organized hate groups operated in the United States in 1999. Another so-called â€Å"patriot† organizations, many with separatist leanings based on race or ethnicity, existed throughout the country. Some hate crime laws have not passed constitutional muster, often because they have run afoul of First Amendment concerns over free speech. In 1992, for example, in the case of R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul, the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated a St. Paul, Minnesota, city ordinance designed to prevent the bias-motivated display of symbols or objects, such as Nazi swastikas or burning crosses. Also in 1992, in the case of Forsyth County, Ga. v. Nationalist Movement, the Court held that a county requirement regulating parades was unconstitutional because it also regulated freedom of speech—in this case a plan by an affiliate of the Ku Klux Klan to parade in opposition to a Martin Luther King birthday celebration. Some writers have noted that statutes intended to control hate crimes may contravene constitutional guarantees if they: (1) are too vague, (2) criminalize thought more than action, (3) attempt to control what would otherwise be free speech, and deny equal protection of the laws to those who wish to express their personal biases. Examples of effective hate crime legislation can be found in a Wisconsin law that increases penalties for most crimes when the offender â€Å"Intentionally selects the person against whom the crime . . . is committed or selects the property that is damaged or otherwise affected by the crime . . . in whole or in part because of the actor’s belief or perception regarding the race, religion, color, disability, sexual orientation, national origin or ancestry of that person or the owner or occupant of that property, whether or not the actor’s belief or perception was correct.†Wisconsin’s penalty enhancement statute was upheld in the 1993 case of Wisconsin v. Mitchell. In that case, the United States Supreme Court held that Mitchell, a black man whose severe beating of a white boy was racially motivated, could be punished with additional severity as permitted by Wisconsin law because he acted out of â€Å"race hatred.† The Court called the assault â€Å"conduct unprotected by the First Amendment† and upheld the Wisconsin statute saying, â€Å"[since] the statute has no ‘chilling effect’ on free speech, it is not unconstitutionally overbroad.† In 2000, however, the Supreme Court, in the case of Apprendi v. New Jersey,struck down a New Jersey law that allowed judges to sentence offenders to longer prison terms for crimes motivated by racism or other bias. The law did not require that prosecutors prove to a jury that an offense was a â€Å"hate crime† under state law. Are there Any Cures for Hate? There is no magic bullet cure for hate. There are several possible steps, however. Indeed, Staub (240, 124) devised a program for intervening in cases of mass killings and violence (see also Veale & Dona, 147). At the very least, one can start by modifying negative stereotypes, which can be done with some success (Blair & Banaji, 219; Mackie, Allison, Worth, & Asuncion, 156). In general, people need to: †¢ understand the triangular nature of hate and its escalation with successive triangular components so that one can recognize its often subtle presence; †¢ understand how hate is fomented through stories, often by way of propaganda; †¢ understand how hate can lead to massacres and genocide through the translation of feeling triangles into action triangles; †¢ combat feelings of impotence with constructive rather than destructive responses, and act against hate and its consequences rather than stand by as passive observers, as the world so often has done; †¢ realize that passive observation and often attempts at reason enacted in the hope that hate-based massacres and genocides will go away are perceived as weaknesses and tend to encourage rather than to discourage violence; and †¢ combat hate with wisdom. There is no complete cure for hate. Cognitive comprehension of a destructive psychological process does not insulate people from experiencing it. But given the destruction hate has caused over time and geography, there is a need to understand it, its consequences, and ways to at least try to combat it through understanding and especially through action. Indeed, there are few areas of psychology for which it equally can be said that action speaks louder than words. Many of the ways of combating hate are the same that one would use in resolving conflict situations and achieving peace (Christie, Wagner, & Du Nann Winter, 238), including creation of win-win situations, building trust between groups, sharing information, each side asking questions of the other, generating multiple alternative options, and seeking understanding of groups to which one does not belong (Boardman, 149; Isenhart & Spangle, 259). Sometimes when a group communicates to the other the story of what its members have experienced, they can come to an understanding of each other that is not possible when people stay silent and fail to communicate (Albeck, Adwan, & Bar-On, 162). When wrongs have been committed, no solution may be possible unless both sides are willing to forgive (Azar& Mullet, 95). Building tolerance and creating a culture of peace and a society in which people share equally in rights and in participation in the society can go a long way toward resolving problems of violence and hate (Christie & Dawes, 2001; Miall, Ramsbotham, & Woodhouse, 199; Montiel & Wessells, 221). The question is whether people have sufficient good will to achieve this goal. Combating hate requires, first and foremost, taking responsibility for it, its perpetrators, and its consequences. Ultimately, the best way to combat hate may be through wisdom (Steinberg, 198). Intelligent people may hate; wise people do not. People like Mohandas Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Mother Theresa, and Nelson Mandela had the same human passions as any of us, but in their wisdom, they moved beyond hate to embrace love and peace. The balance theory of wisdom (Sternberg, 198) defines wisdom as the application of intelligence, creativity, and experience toward a common good by balancing one’s own interests with others’ interests and institutional interests over the long and short terms. By definition, wise people do not hate others because they care about the individual’s (or group’s) wellbeing as well as their own or that of their group. They seek solutions that embrace the legitimate interests of others as well as of themselves. Someone who cares about another’s interests and well-being cannot hate that person, in part because he or she cannot dehumanize that other. Schools typically teach children knowledge and to think intelligently. But they rarely teach for wisdom. Indeed, in many schools across the globe, they teach hate for one group or another. Ultimately, if society wishes to combat hate, its schools and institutions need to teach students to think wisely. They then will realize that hate is not the solution to any legitimate life problem. Indeed, it foments rather than solves problems. But to teach for wisdom requires wisdom, and so far, the possession of that wisdom is a challenge that many fail to meet, not because we cannot meet it, but rather, because we choose not to. It is to be hoped that, in the future, people will make the better choice—for wisdom rather than for foolishness and the hate that can arise from it. Conclusion To sum up, despite much recent attention to hate as a topic of discussion and intervention, there currently exists no generally accepted definition and cure of hate. More grievously, there is nothing approaching a consensus on how to delimit the domain within which such a definition would fall. Meanings of hate differ both across and within contexts. Thus, it remains unclear if different authors are indeed discussing or intervening against the same thing. The situation raises a number of questions: Why this cornucopia of meaning? How are psychologists to characterize the underlying disagreements? How they to decide which disagreements are are substantive and which are purely semantic? How are people to decide who is right and who is wrong? What would it mean to be right or wrong in this context? These are just some trying questions about hate, to which the answers are still unclear. But one thing is clear, definitely hate is not the answer and we have to control ourselves emotionally and change our minds for the better. WORKS CITED Albeck, J. H., Adwan, S., & Bar-On, D. Dialogue groups: TRT’s guidelines for working through intractable conflicts by personal storytelling. Peace and Conflict: journal of Peace Psychology, 8, 301-322, 2002. Aristotle. 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Miall, H., Ramsbotham, O., & Woodhouse, T. Contemporary conflict resolution. Cambridge, MA: Polity Press, 1999. Montiel, C. }., & Wessells, M. (2001). Democratization, psychology, and the construction of cultures of peace. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 7,119-129, 2001. Shand, A. F. The foundations of character (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan, 1920. Solomon, R. The passions. New York: Anchor Books, 1977. Spinoza, B.Ethics. In E. Curley (Ed.), The collected works of Spinoza (Vol. 1, pp. 408-617). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985. (Original work published 1677) Staub, E. (1989). The roots of evil: The origins of genocide and other group violence. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1989. Sternberg, R. J. Why schools should teach for wisdom: The balance theory of wisdom in educational settings. Educational Psychologist, 36, 227-245, 2001. Sternberg, R. J. A duplex theory of hate and its development and its application to terrorism, massacres, and genocides. Review of General Psychology, 7, 299-328, 2003. Veale, A., & Dona, G. Psychosocial interventions and children’s rights: Beyond clinical discourse. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 8,47-61, 2002.

Math Worksheets Order of Operations or PEMDAS